Creed of Calcedon

Source: Protestant Reformed Churches in America:

https://www.prca.org/about/official-standards/creeds/ecumenical/chalcedon

The Chalcedonian Definition (also called the Chalcedonian Creed or the Definition of Chalcedon) is the declaration of the dyophysitism of Christ’s nature, adopted at the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451.

This refuted monophysitism.

The Creed of Chalcedon, A.D. 451, is not mentioned by name in any of our three forms of unity, but the doctrine set forth in it is clearly embodied in Article 19 of our Confession of Faith. It constitutes an important part of our ecumenical heritage. The Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon settled the controversies concerning the person and natures of our Lord Jesus Christ and established confessionally the truths of the unity of the divine person and the union and distinction of the divine and human natures of Christ. It condemned especially the error of Nestorianism, which denied the unity of the divine person in Christ; the error of Apollinarianism, which denied the completeness of Christ’s human nature; and the error known as Eutychianism, which denied the duality and distinction of the divine and human natures of our Lord Jesus Christ. What was confessionally established at Chalcedon concerning the person and natures of Christ has continued to be the confession of the church catholic ever since that time.

The Creed

We, then, following the holy fathers, all with one consent teach men to confess one and the same Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, the same perfect in Godhead and also perfect in manhood; truly God and truly man, of a rational soul and body; coessential with the Father according to the Godhead, and consubstantial with us according to the manhood; in all things like unto us, without sin; begotten before all ages of the Father according to the Godhead, and in these latter days, for us and for our salvation, born of the Virgin Mary, the mother of God, according to the manhood; one and the same Christ, Son, Lord, Only-begotten, to be acknowledged in two natures, without confusion, without change, without division, without separation; the distinction of natures being by no means taken away by the union, but rather the property of each nature being preserved, and concurring in one person and one subsistence, not parted or divided into two persons, but one and the same Son, and only begotten, God the Word, the Lord Jesus Christ; as the prophets from the beginning have declared concerning Him, and the Lord Jesus Christ Himself has taught us, and the creed of the holy fathers has handed down to us.

I believe in the creed because I reject monophysitism.

Athanasian Creed

Whoever desires to be saved should above all hold to the catholic faith.

Anyone who does not keep it whole and unbroken will doubtless perish eternally.

Now this is the catholic faith:

    That we worship one God in trinity and the trinity in unity,
    neither blending their persons
    nor dividing their essence.
        For the person of the Father is a distinct person,
        the person of the Son is another,
        and that of the Holy Spirit still another.
        But the divinity of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit is one,
        their glory equal, their majesty coeternal.

    What quality the Father has, the Son has, and the Holy Spirit has.
        The Father is uncreated,
        the Son is uncreated,
        the Holy Spirit is uncreated.

        The Father is immeasurable,
        the Son is immeasurable,
        the Holy Spirit is immeasurable.

        The Father is eternal,
        the Son is eternal,
        the Holy Spirit is eternal.

            And yet there are not three eternal beings;
            there is but one eternal being.
            So too there are not three uncreated or immeasurable beings;
            there is but one uncreated and immeasurable being.

    Similarly, the Father is almighty,
        the Son is almighty,
        the Holy Spirit is almighty.
            Yet there are not three almighty beings;
            there is but one almighty being.

        Thus the Father is God,
        the Son is God,
        the Holy Spirit is God.
            Yet there are not three gods;
            there is but one God.

        Thus the Father is Lord,
        the Son is Lord,
        the Holy Spirit is Lord.
            Yet there are not three lords;
            there is but one Lord.

    Just as Christian truth compels us
    to confess each person individually
    as both God and Lord,
    so catholic religion forbids us
    to say that there are three gods or lords.

    The Father was neither made nor created nor begotten from anyone.
    The Son was neither made nor created;
    he was begotten from the Father alone.
    The Holy Spirit was neither made nor created nor begotten;
    he proceeds from the Father and the Son.

    Accordingly there is one Father, not three fathers;
    there is one Son, not three sons;
    there is one Holy Spirit, not three holy spirits.

    Nothing in this trinity is before or after,
    nothing is greater or smaller;
    in their entirety the three persons
    are coeternal and coequal with each other.

    So in everything, as was said earlier,
    we must worship their trinity in their unity
    and their unity in their trinity.

Anyone then who desires to be saved
should think thus about the trinity.

But it is necessary for eternal salvation
that one also believe in the incarnation
of our Lord Jesus Christ faithfully.

Now this is the true faith:

    That we believe and confess
    that our Lord Jesus Christ, God’s Son,
    is both God and human, equally.

     He is God from the essence of the Father,
    begotten before time;
    and he is human from the essence of his mother,
    born in time;
    completely God, completely human,
    with a rational soul and human flesh;
    equal to the Father as regards divinity,
    less than the Father as regards humanity.

    Although he is God and human,
    yet Christ is not two, but one.
    He is one, however,
    not by his divinity being turned into flesh,
    but by God’s taking humanity to himself.
    He is one,
    certainly not by the blending of his essence,
    but by the unity of his person.
    For just as one human is both rational soul and flesh,
    so too the one Christ is both God and human.

    He suffered for our salvation;
    he descended to hell;
    he arose from the dead;
    he ascended to heaven;
    he is seated at the Father’s right hand;
    from there he will come to judge the living and the dead.
    At his coming all people will arise bodily
    and give an accounting of their own deeds.
    Those who have done good will enter eternal life,
    and those who have done evil will enter eternal fire.

This is the catholic faith:
one cannot be saved without believing it firmly and faithfully.

I agree with the creed. I am a trinitarian.




Source: https://www.crcna.org/welcome/beliefs/creeds/athanasian-creed

Nicene Creed

The Nicene Creed

I believe in one God,
the Father almighty,
maker of heaven and earth,
 of all things visible and invisible.

I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ,
 the Only Begotten Son of God,
 born of the Father before all ages.
 God from God, Light from Light,
 true God from true God,
 begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;
 through him all things were made.
 For us men and for our salvation
 he came down from heaven,
 and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary,
 and became man.
 For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate,
 he suffered death and was buried,
 and rose again on the third day
 in accordance with the Scriptures.
 He ascended into heaven
 and is seated at the right hand of the Father.
 He will come again in glory
 to judge the living and the dead
 and his kingdom will have no end.

I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,
 who proceeds from the Father and the Son,
 who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified,
 who has spoken through the prophets.

I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church.
 I confess one Baptism for the forgiveness of sins
 and I look forward to the resurrection of the dead
 and the life of the world to come. Amen.

I affirm the Nicene Creed.

Source: https://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/what-we-believe

See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicene_Creed

Comparison of Nicene Creed 325 AD and revised Nicene Creed 381 AD.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicene_Creed#Comparison_between_creed_of_325_and_creed_of_381

Greek Version
Πιστεύω εἰς ἕνα Θεόν, Πατέρα, Παντοκράτορα, ποιητὴν οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς, ὁρατῶν τε πάντων καὶ ἀοράτων.
Καὶ εἰς ἕνα Κύριον Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν, τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν μονογενῆ, τὸν ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς γεννηθέντα πρὸ πάντων τῶν αἰώνων·
φῶς ἐκ φωτός, Θεὸν ἀληθινὸν ἐκ Θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ, γεννηθέντα οὐ ποιηθέντα, ὁμοούσιον τῷ Πατρί, δι’ οὗ τὰ πάντα ἐγένετο.
Τὸν δι’ ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ διὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν σωτηρίαν κατελθόντα ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν καὶ σαρκωθέντα
ἐκ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου καὶ Μαρίας τῆς Παρθένου καὶ ἐνανθρωπήσαντα.
Σταυρωθέντα τε ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου, καὶ παθόντα καὶ ταφέντα.
Καὶ ἀναστάντα τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ κατὰ τὰς Γραφάς.
Καὶ ἀνελθόντα εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ καθεζόμενον ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Πατρός.
Καὶ πάλιν ἐρχόμενον μετὰ δόξης κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς, οὗ τῆς βασιλείας οὐκ ἔσται τέλος.
Καὶ εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον, τὸ κύριον, τὸ ζῳοποιόν,
τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον,
τὸ σὺν Πατρὶ καὶ Υἱῷ συμπροσκυνούμενον καὶ συνδοξαζόμενον,
τὸ λαλῆσαν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν.
Εἰς μίαν, Ἁγίαν, Καθολικὴν καὶ Ἀποστολικὴν Ἐκκλησίαν.
Ὁμολογῶ ἓν βάπτισμα εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν.
Προσδοκῶ ἀνάστασιν νεκρῶν.
Καὶ ζωὴν τοῦ μέλλοντος αἰῶνος.
Ἀμήν

Apostles Creed

The Apostles’ Creed

I believe in God, the Father almighty,
creator of heaven and earth.

I believe in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord,
who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,
born of the Virgin Mary,
suffered under Pontius Pilate,
was crucified, died, and was buried;
he descended to the dead.
On the third day he rose again;
he ascended into heaven,
he is seated at the right hand of the Father,
and he will come to judge the living and the dead.

I believe in the Holy Spirit,
the holy catholic Church,
the communion of saints,
the forgiveness of sins,
the resurrection of the body,
and the life everlasting.
Amen.

I affirm the apostles creed.


Source: Church of England. https://www.churchofengland.org/our-faith/what-we-believe/apostles-creed

Other links on my beliefs:
https://randomraindrops.com/berean-baptist-church-statement-of-faith/

Berean Baptist Church Statement of Faith

The points of belief number 15. I may have further comments in the future as I ponder the reference scriptures. These 15 are doctrinal beliefs, but I personally have more than the 15. Such as the Nicean Creed. I adhere to certain creeds and certain confessions and that is part of my personal faith separate from these 15 points but not in conflict with them.

Point 1: The Word of God

We believe the Bible is the Word of God, fully inspired and without error in the original manuscripts, written under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, and has supreme authority in all matters of faith and conduct.

Psalm 119:89; Romans 15:4; 1 Corinthians 10:11; 2 Timothy 2:15; 2 Timothy 3:15-17; 1 Peter 1:23-25; 2 Peter 1:21

I believe the manuscripts were inspired and given error free. In the original manuscripts. Do we have those? I don’t know. Have they been preserved intact? Good question. I don’t know.

I do know a lot of alleged Christians claim interpretations about the meaning of the manuscripts which are vastly flawed.

Point 2: The Trinity

We believe there is one living and true God, eternally existing in three persons; these are equal in every divine perfection, and they execute distinct but harmonious offices in the work of creation, providence, and redemption.

Genesis 1:1; Deuteronomy 6:4; Matthew 3:16; Matthew 28:19; John 5:18; Acts 5:3-4; Romans 1:20; Philippians 2:6


I agree with this.

Point 3: God the Father

We believe in God the Father, the Creator of Heaven and Earth, an infinite personal spirit perfect in holiness, wisdom, power, and love. We believe he concerns himself mercifully in the affairs of men, hears and answers prayer, and saves from sin and eternal death all who come to him through Jesus Christ.

Genesis 1:1; Matthew 6:9-13; John 3:16, 4:24, 5:26, 17:11, 25; Romans 8:33

I agree. Spirit.

Point 4: Jesus Christ

We believe in Jesus Christ, God’s only begotten Son, conceived by the Holy Spirit. We believe in his virgin birth, sinless life, miracles, and teachings. We believe in his substitutionary atoning death, bodily resurrection, ascension into heaven, perpetual intercession for his people, and personal visible return to earth.

Matthew 1:20; Luke 1:34-35; John 1:1, 3:16, 11:25; Acts 1:3, 9, 16:31; 1 Peter 2:22; 1 John 3:5; Revelation 1:7

I agree.

Point 5: The Holy Spirit

We believe in the Holy Spirit, who came forth from the Father and Son to convict the world of sin, righteousness, and judgment and to regenerate, sanctify, and empower all who believe in Jesus Christ. We believe that the Holy Spirit indwells every believer in Christ and is an abiding helper, teacher, and guide.

John 14:17, 16:8; Acts 5:1-4; Romans 8:1-17, 15:16; I Corinthians 2:12, 3:16; Titus 3:5; I John 2:27

I agree.

Point 6: Man

We believe that all people are created by God in his image to glorify him forever. Because the first couple, Adam and Eve, disobeyed God’s command when tested, they and all people since are alienated from God and are sinners by nature and by choice. Because God is holy and cannot tolerate sin, all people are under condemnation and unable to save themselves.

Genesis 1:26; Psalm 50:15; Matthew 5:16; Romans 3:23, 15:6; Revelation 4:11

I agree.

Point 7: Salvation

We believe that Jesus Christ was crucified to bear our condemnation and that “if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.” By doing so, we are freed from condemnation and given eternal life. 

Romans 10:9; John 1:12, 3:8, 6:40, 14:6; Ephesians 2:8-9; Isaiah 53:5-6; 1 Peter 2:24; 2 Peter 3:9

I agree. There is absolutely no statement here about the age of the earth, or how the earth was made. There is no belief requirement pertaining to those issues.

Point 8: The Church

We believe in the Universal Church, a living spiritual body composed of all regenerated believers of whatever race or nation. We believe in the local church consisting of a company of believers in Jesus Christ, baptized in a credible profession of faith, and associated with worship, work, and fellowship.

Matthew 28:17-20; Acts 2:41-42; I Corinthians 12:12-31

I agree.

Point 9: Christian Conduct

We believe that Christians should live for the glory of God and the well-being of others, that their conduct should be blameless before the world, that they should be faithful stewards of their possessions, and that they should seek to realize for themselves and others the full stature of maturity in Christ.

I Corinthians 2:14-3:3; Galatians 5:22-26; Ephesians 5:1-33

I agree.
On conduct I have run into some issues at Berean.
Part of promoting the well being of others is speaking the truth in love and being edifying. And that means allowing others Christian freedoms. It means allowing the Holy Spirit to convict Christians of sin and not trying to take over his job as if a human could ever do a better job than God. It means not being a busy body but to focus on one’s own relationship with God, one’s own sin, not the sins of others.


Point 10:The Ordinances

We believe that the Lord Jesus Christ has committed two ordinances to the local church: baptism and the Lord’s Supper. We believe that Christian baptism is the immersion of a believer in water in the name of the Triune God. We believe that the Lord’s Supper was instituted by Christ to commemorate his substitutionary and atoning death. We believe that these two ordinances should be observed and administered until the return of the Lord Jesus Christ.

Acts 8:26-40; Romans 6:3-5; I Corinthians 11:17-34

I agree.

Point 11: The Last Things

We believe in the personal and visible return of the Lord Jesus Christ to earth and the establishment of his Kingdom. We believe in the resurrection of the body, the final judgment, the eternal joy of the righteous, and the endless suffering of the wicked.

John 14:3; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18; Revelation 20:11-15

I agree.

Point 12: Religious Liberty

We believe that every human being has direct relations with God and is responsible to God alone in all matters of faith and that each church is independent and must be free from interference by any ecclesiastical or political authority.

I agree.

Point 13: Church Cooperation

We believe that local churches can best promote the cause of Jesus Christ by cooperating with one another in a denominational organization. Such an organization, whether a regional or district conference, exists and functions by the will of the churches. Cooperation in a conference is voluntary and may be terminated at any time. The church may likewise cooperate with interdenominational fellowships on a voluntary independent basis.

I agree.

Point 14: Baptism

We believe that Christian baptism is the immersion of a believer in water in the name of the Triune God. It is the first step of obedience following salvation and serves as a public declaration of the believer’s devotion to Christ and a commitment to their local community of faith. Immersion in water identifies the believer with the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, as one dies to self, surrenders to him, and is raised with him in newness of life.

Romans 6:1-5; 2 Corinthians 5:17; Acts 8:36-39; Acts 2:38, 41

At Berean, baptism is required for membership. Attending our First Connection gathering is the first step in baptism and/or membership. If you are interested in being baptized or becoming a member of Berean, sign up for First Connection here: 

I agree. I was baptised by immersion at the age of 18 in my home town.

Point 15: Church Membership

We believe that membership is a covenant relationship with God and one another to pursue the gospel in our lives, our community, and our world. The Bible explains the existence and importance of local churches, as well as the necessity to belong to a local church for our spiritual growth and health. 

Accountability:
Hebrews 13:17
Church membership provides accountability for the members and church leadership. Accountability is designed to help us be faithful in our walk with Jesus as well as to help the pastors and elders shepherd and protect the body.

Belonging:
Hebrews 10:24-25
Belonging to a local church provides love, acceptance, stability, and purpose as we intentionally live our lives together as Christ-followers. 

Care:
Acts 20:28; Ephesians 4:11-16
As members, we come alongside each other to encourage, equip, and empower one another to grow in our relationship with Jesus.

Biblical Requirements for Membership:

Salvation
Salvation involves the redemption of the whole man and is offered freely to all who put their faith in Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior.

Baptism

Baptism takes place after salvation when a professing believer is immersed in water in the name of the Triune God. Baptism is not essential for salvation; however, it is essential for obedience.


I agree.

ITS NOT ENOUGH.

I feel like I do not fit.



As of August 2024 I am in a dazed state of confusion.

The church has not proven to be safe space for me. But WHY?

I have constantly been badgered by some of the members to believe in ideas I do not see in scripture. This is on both doctrinal and on practical levels. And I have been badgered to follow a vocation that has not been assigned to me by God, effectively becoming a busy-body. For example, I have been told by parishioners to care too much about people outside the church (people who the church does not even know) and to get involved in the lives of those parties in unhealthy ways that would result in further abusive relationships.

Then there is the matter of becoming excessively involved in the lives of the folks inside the church. I have sometimes been urged to sin-hunt other believers when there is no obvious sin evident. I am supposed to assume there is sin and hunt for it because this does a service for the other person. But this is God’s job, not mine. It is not my task in life to watch other people’s sin and try to convict them of it. Only a busy-body would do such a thing! I am constantly protesting “leave it to God.” It also is not my job to impose external standards of righteousness on anybody.
I do consider it a duty to exhibit GRACE.

These aspects are obviously a Christian life-style choice of some. But they do not derive from the above 15 statements of faith and as far as I can tell they do not derive from scripture either. I want to stick to just the 15 listed points in the statement of faith. I want to stick to just the 15 points and not go beyond that.


A toxic environment.

I have come to a point where I dare not tell anyone about my life, who I am, what is going on with me, or what my personal concerns might be. Why? People have to comment and try to fix me. It seems like they think it is their duty to fix others by giving unwelcome advice not asked for. And they urge others to do likewise!!!! They do not seem to be able to just listen or to tell (teach) solid principles and practices. They have to comment on a person’s journey, on their story, to tell them what they are doing wrong. It is called cross-talk, or, well, gossip. The gossip level is, well, really high.

This creates fear.

It is very important for a person to be able to tell their story without judgement. If you cannot do that then you are not going to trust anybody. You are going to HIDE.

Since I am in treatment for addiction the commentary is incredibly most unwelcome. I cannot hear the voice of God when people are clamoring at me. So, I just have to hide myself and do technical bible study.

This then is the traditional church I have always experienced. People judge and they judge out-of-turn. This kind of fellowship has kept me a stranger for most of my life. I never connected with a church body anywhere. it is a stumbling block.

What is weird is I have found secular (outside the church) organizations that foster trust. The church is failing.

What about Point 15, Belonging: “Belonging to a local church provides love, acceptance, stability, and purpose as we intentionally live our lives together as Christ-followers.”

I don’t find love, acceptance, stability, and purpose. I am an adult child of alcoholics and I am not like other people.  I pursue 12 step recovery. And most Christians do not want to hear about that let alone accept it, even though it is in accordance with biblical teaching. As an adult child I have characteristics most people don’t have. Such as the Laundry List. (See other posts — links forthcoming).

How does the church minister to Adult Children? It should be part of the church’s mission, shouldn’t it?

Some Bishops Speak.

Reading just now in “The Art of Reading Scripture” ed by Ellen Davis & Richard Hays, 2003, essay by Gregory Jones, p154:

… quoting Augustine, “whatever appears in the divine Word that does not lierally pertain to virtuous behavior or to the truth of faith you must take to be figurative. Virtuous behavior pertains to the love of God and of one’s neighbor; the truth of faith pertains to a knowledge of God and of one’s neighbor.”

Augustine, On Christian Faith, 3.10.14.

Earlier in his essay Jones observed from the UM Bishop Kenneth Carder
“It is much easier to argue about creation and evolution than it is to live as though this is God’s World. Or, debating whether a ‘great fish’ really swallowed Jonah is far less costly and risky than acknowledging that God loves our enemies as much as God loves us.” p145.

Ruminate that. HR

Response to a Denis L. Post

I wanted to memorialize what Karen Spivey said (If I remember it correctly):


Karen Spivey

// Science is not able to determine whether or not evolution is teleological. //

Wrong. And let’s be careful not to personify science, as though it were some kind of single-minded entity.

So, it seems that you do not understand science well, and thus, neither does Denis. How is that?

“I cannot admit that, with regard to the origin of life, science neither affirms nor denies Creative Power. Science positively affirms Creative Power. It is not in dead matter that we live and move and have our being, but in the creating and directing Power which science compels us to accept as an article of belief.”

  • Lord Kelvin

“Science can and does point to God’s existence, and given the massive evidence for intelligent agency in our universe, it can quite reasonably be said that God’s existence is the most thoroughly proven theory in natural science.
…
To restrict causes in natural science to causes within nature itself is to impose an ideological bias on the science and thus make science a slave of ideology instead of truth. This is obviously what atheists do when they insist upon methodological naturalism..

  • Neurosurgeon, Dr Michael Egnor, Professor of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics at State University of New York, Stony Brook

The fatal flaw in such claims is that evolutionary scientists ALWAYS assume design – teleology – in their research.
All while denying it.

Indeed, they have no choice to assume design and purpose. Else, no “purpose” of any biological elements can ever be deduced, which is patently absurd. As though no one can state that fly wings has the purpose of enabling flight, or that pitcher plants’ stench of rotting flesh have the purpose of attracting prey, or that brains have the purpose of thought, …

Even children can see that purpose is everywhere. But not scientists?!
Poor scientists.

As even Dawkins admits:
“The illusion of purpose is so powerful that biologists themselves USE THE ASSUMPTION OF GOOD DESIGN AS A WORKING TOOL.”

  • Richard Dawkins, River out of Eden (1995) p.98

While teleology is forbidden in materialist evolution – which is neo-Darwinian evolution – the self-contradiction is salient, using the assumption of design as a working tool, cannot be avoided.

Moreover, according to every non “theistic evolutionist”, evolution is definitely NOT teleological or guided in any way. It is NOT UNDETERMINED, but absolutely DETERMINED in secular science circles. No teleology is allowed because it is automatically assumed not to exist. That is due to the crippled version of science in use, Methodological Naturalism, which is in fact, Metaphysical Naturalism in disguise as true science.

In 1978, the atheist Richard Bozarth declared in American Atheist magazine: Christianity is – must be – totally committed to the special creation as described in Genesis, and Christianity must fight with its full might, fair or foul, against the theory of evolution…. It becomes clear now that the whole justification of Jesus’ life and death is predicated on the existence of Adam and the forbidden fruit he and Eve ate. Without the original sin, who needs to be redeemed? Without Adam’s fall into a life of constant sin terminated by death, what purpose is there to Christianity? None.

  • G. Richard Bozarth, “The Meaning of Evolution,” American Atheist. (Feb. 1978, p. 19)

“Evolution destroys utterly and finally the very reason Jesus’ earthy life was supposedly made necessary. Destroy Adam and Eve and the original sin and in the rubble you will find the sorry remains of the Son of God. Take away the meaning of his death: If Jesus was not the Redeemer who died for our sins, and this is what evolution means, then Christianity is for nothing.”

  • G. Richard Bozarth, in American Atheist, February, 1978, p. 30

In 1996, Frank Zindler, then president of the American Atheists, in a debate with evangelical philosopher William Lane Craig (a progressive OEC theorist), remarked:
“The most devastating thing though that biology did to Christianity was the discovery of biological evolution. Now that we know that Adam and Eve never were real people, the central myth of Christianity is destroyed. If there never was an Adam and Eve, there never was an original sin…. If there was never an original sin, there is no need of salvation. If there is no need of salvation, there is no need of a savior. And I submit that puts Jesus, historical or otherwise, into the ranks of the unemployed. I think that evolution is absolutely the death knell of Christianity.”

  • Frank Zindler, in a debate at Willow Creek Community Church with Dr. William Lane Craig. Atheism vs Christianity (video), Zondervan, 1996.

In a 2011, posts on the American Atheist website just before Christmas, we could read,
“No Adam and Eve means no need for a savior. It also means that the Bible cannot be trusted as a source of unambiguous, literal truth. It is completely unreliable, because it all begins with a myth, and builds on that as a basis. No fall of man means no need for atonement and no need for a redeemer.”

  • “You KNOW It’s a Myth: This Season, Celebrate REASON!” American Atheists, accessed June 1, 2011

And the above was Darwin’s view.

As he exposed his own hatred of Christianity:
“I can indeed hardly see how anyone ought to wish Christianity to be true for if so the plain language of the text seems to show that the men who do not believe, and this would include my father, brother and almost all of my friends, will be everlastingly punished. And this is a damnable doctrine.”

  • Charles Darwin, Thomas Henry Huxley (1983). “Autobiographies”, Oxford University Press, USA

“The more we know of the fixed laws of nature the more incredible do miracles become, – that the men at that time were ignorant and credulous to a degree almost incomprehensible by us, – that the Gospels cannot be proved to have been written simultaneously with the events, – that they differ in many important details, far too important as it seemed to me to be admitted as the usual inaccuracies of eye-witnesses; – by such reflections as these… I gradually came to disbelieve in Christianity as a divine revelation.” (ibid)

According to his autobiography, he later eventually concluded that the Christian faith is “manifestly false,” the Bible “false” (even stating that the Christian God was a “revengeful tyrant”), and that the Christian Scriptures were “no more to be trusted than . . . the beliefs of any barbarian”.

It is astonishing that so-called Christian evolutionists, always FAIL to grasp the true nature of evolutionism.

No wonder Christian science journalist and author, Denyse O’Leary wrote,
“Christian evolutionists, so far as I can tell, live in a sort of unreal world where one espouses Darwinism while pretending not to know what it means.”

  • Science journalist and author, Denyse O’Leary

Indeed.

Extreme View?

He says,

According to Scripture, we’re all evil (fallen, sinful, depraved, etc.); but some of us are clearly more evil than others. Donald Trump’s entire life has been characterized by scandal and sins galore, and he personally advocates egregious evils such as abortion, homosexuality, marriage redefinition, and transgenderism. Yes, Donald Trump unquestionably IS evil—more evil than many people. The same can be said of Biden, although only God can peer inside the heart and know for sure who is the more evil of the two men. Regardless, no Christian can honor Him by supporting either.

I asked him to demonstrate the accuracy of his following claim:

Then I asked him to describe what Christ said about civic duty to civil authority in the time of Roman emperors. Is it christian to just pout and take your ball and go home and sit back and let barbarians overrun one’s country because we dont support the rulers? How did christians respond in the time of Nero?

Can Trump be redeemed?

My questions were deleted. There are answers. This crowd seem to be afraid of them.

His answer: partisan gossip.

Demonstrate why what is accurate? Trump’s scandalous reputation? His support of abortion, LGBT depravity/lunacy? If so, are you just being facetious, contrary, or what? All of this is documented fact and a matter of public knowledge. No American can claim to be oblivious to it.

The more serious question of a christian’s civic duty to a disappointing and wicked regime has been ignored. Because the scriptures do not support not doing one’s duty in a port of rebellion. God even placed Nero as ruler. And many other corrupt leaders. Those scriptures were ignored.

These folks dont really have a biblical basis for sitting out, neither do they have a scriptural basis for telling other Christians they too must sit out. I blocked him.

I remember the Mormons…just ask the bishop, deflecting because they are just parroting.

Jeremy Arnold, Parrot.

Ain’t nobody got time for this. I still dont think these folks in Iowa are any more holy than Donald Trump.

Now, is Trump in favor of homosexuality? I think he simply doesnt care about it as an issue.

Abortion? Same thing.

If someone doesnt join in on being axwarrior on social issues, that === evil?

That is what they are saying.

Maybe that is evil in an of itself. To tell someone they are not a christian because they are not a zealot, maybe that is evil. Why? You are taking over the holy spirit’s job, trying to do better than him. That is why.

Moral Tribes and Whining About Scouts

David Rhoads Her moral tribe doesn’t accept what you are saying. The crows are a moral tribe, and they believe you…well, it is not just you. It is you, your family, your friends, your community, your society, follow the wrong morals. Your tribe is immoral in their opinion. The tribe of barbarian crows wants your tribe to dump their morals and flip to their crow morals. Thats what it is about to them. If people dont share their morals then people will (they fear) happily live their own lives and turn their back on them. So they lose power and influence and their crow morality becomes irrelevant. So they are trying to tell you your morals are unacceptable. You are considered morally despicable according to their standard. Not just you but your whole tribe. So your sadness means nothing because they think it is morally corrupt. This is why they criticize you so much. They are trying to shame you to get you to accept their morals. To flip.
Does that make any sense to you? You are experiencing a storm of crows. They are not your friends.

From Matt McClure

//”In your experience, what are common misconceptions? What are common objections?”//

Anti-evolutionists rely on misconceptions. In other posts I routinely point out what I refer to as the ubiquitous anti-evolutionist toolbox: 1) misrepresent Evolutionary Theory, Abiogenesis, and science in general, 2) make unsubstantiated claims of “can’t” (i.e., evolution can’t do this, or mutation and selection can’t do that), and 3) appeal to the absence of evidence for evolution while ignoring the presence of evidence for evolution.

The single-most common misconception I see is that evolution is somehow anti-God/anti-Christian (indeed, that was how I used to see it). Anti-evolutionism is all about that, and it is only about that. Ironically, this misconception is propagated by both anti-evolution creationists and by some non-theists in almost identical manner. My book “Creation and the Origin of Species” was written in direct response to it and addresses a plethora of other such misconceptions.

Another major misconception is that Evolution is represented by a sequential ladder or scale, i.e., Aristotle’s scala naturae, which dominated Western intellectual thought for centuries prior to Darwin and Aristotle’s influence persists to this day. I see this misconception almost everywhere, but outgrowths of this utilized by anti-evolutionists include “if humans came from apes then why are apes still here?” and claims made by anti-evolutionists (even well-educated ones) that the fossil record refutes evolution because some intermediate fossil forms overlap in time.

Another misconception is claims of a human-ape dichotomy when no such dichotomy exists on the genetic/genomic level. Not only are chimps & bonobos our closest genetic cousins, but we are theirs as well, being genomically more similar to them than they are to gorillas or orangutans. This misconception used to be formalized taxonomically with humans in the Family Hominidae and other great apes within the Family Pongidae (this has since been revised, with humans, chimps, gorillas, and orangutans within the Hominidae). This misconception also persists in the ‘Planet of the Apes’ movies.

In addition, Anti-evolutionists also have their own menagerie of pet misconceptions, such as:

  1. “Micro but not macro” evolution, not realizing that macroevolution is caused by microevolution, also purposely misrepresenting the terms microevolution and macroevolution (FYI, in biology microevolution is a change in a population’s gene pool and macroevolution is the cumulative effects of microevolution that lead to changes above the species level).
  2. Evolution is “random”, when the processes of gene flow, non-random mating, and natural selection are not random.
  3. The claim that evolution is a religious or metaphysical theory instead of a biological theory. Ironically, Cell Theory is just as “naturalistic” as Evolutionary Theory and likewise has everything to do with the origin of a physical human body, and yet you will never find a statement of faith in opposition to Cell Theory. (There are also misconceptions as to what “Theory” means, but I’m sure somebody else here already has gotten to that).
  4. Scientism, which is to say that science can potentially answer every question, even the question of God’s existence and of divine action. This relates to the common misconceptions that spiritual matters (e.g., the Image of God, accountability for sin, etc.,) necessarily have scientific/biological answers.

There are many more, but don’t have time to continue right now.

Statistical Ensembles, May 24, 2024

In physics, specifically statistical mechanics, an ensemble (also statistical ensemble) is an idealization consisting of a large number of virtual copies (sometimes infinitely many) of a system, considered all at once, each of which represents a possible state that the real system might be in. In other words, a statistical ensemble is a set of systems of particles used in statistical mechanics to describe a single system.[1] The concept of an ensemble was introduced by J. Willard Gibbs in 1902.

[1] Oxford Dictionary of Physics. pp. 458

The ensemble formalises the notion that an experimenter repeating an experiment again and again under the same macroscopic conditions, but unable to control the microscopic details, may expect to observe a range of different outcomes.

The notional size of ensembles in thermodynamics, statistical mechanics and quantum statistical mechanics can be very large, including every possible microscopic state the system could be in, consistent with its observed macroscopic properties. For many important physical cases, it is possible to calculate averages directly over the whole of the thermodynamic ensemble, to obtain explicit formulas for many of the thermodynamic quantities of interest, often in terms of the appropriate partition function.

Me: OK, “including every possible microscopic state the system could be in” covers everything physical from the cosmos to biology. It boggles my mind that educated people declare “probability and statistics do not have anything to do with truth.” What about the truth of physical systems? which includes everything science deals with?

If you are talking about a God who affected the state of the universe (i.e., miracles) then you are talking about ensembles of physical states that comprise the universe having changed.

Scientists think in terms of statistics and probability. They think a physical event is believable based on it’s probability. So probability and statistics directly affect believability.

Stackhouse On Fundamentalism

In looking at fundamentalism it may be helpful to refer to John Stackhouse. He wrote an article in christianscholars.com about how the Fundamentals aren’t fundamentalist.



Everyone knows that American Protestantism generally divided into fundamentalist and liberal camps in the 1920s. And many people know that fundamentalism derives from The Fundamentals, early-twentieth-century tracts that reduced the rich doctrinal heritage of Christianity down to five points of do-or-die orthodoxy. Neither of these putative facts, however, is true. This paper shows that The Fundamentals were not fundamentalistic in either respect and that they instead represent the broad mainstream of Anglo-American evangelicalism that continues to this day: not merely conservative, not fundamentalist, and certainly not liberal. John G. Stackhouse, Jr., holds the Samuel J. Mikolaski Chair of Religious Studies at Crandall University, Moncton, Canada. The author wishes to thank the extraordinarily assiduous and sapient reviewers marshalled by the editor to assist him in the revision of this article.

Arguably among the most famous American religious works of the twentieth century, The Fundamentals (1910-1915) gave its name to the movement whose implications are with us to this day. Paradoxically, however, The Fundamentals gave only its name to that movement. This series of small books does not, in fact, reflect the outlook nor the doctrine that would soon be characteristic of American fundamentalism. It does not, in fact, set out the famous Five Points with which it is often credited, including by the tribune of the contemporary vox populi, Wikipedia.1 Instead, The Fundamentals represents the broad mainstream of Anglo-American evangelicalism flowing out of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth. This mainstream might have appeared to submerge beneath the currents of fundamentalism, but it surfaced again into public attention a generation later as, indeed, evangelicalism: as authentic, vital, and missional Protestantism—not merely a kinder, gentler form of fundamentalis.2

John’s Footnotes:

1. The article “Christian fundamentalism” perpetuates the idea that The Fundamentals prompted fundamentalism and taught the elusive “five points”: “Christian Fundamental- ism,” Wikimedia Foundation, accessed October 5, 2019, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Christian_fundamentalism.

2. John G. Stackhouse, Jr., Evangelicalism: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2022).

This clears up a lot for me.



I look at Christian Fundamentalism as being a Christian Doctrine and a Christian Doctrinal Statement. Essentially a Statement of Faith.

When people rage against fundamentalism they are raging against Christianity and Christian religion and against all Christians who hold to that statement of faith. Some people write entire books about how horrible fundamentalists are. The word is used as a pejorative like the N word, or ‘white supremacy” or “christian nationalist”. When scholars do this I often ask them to define their terms. The reaction is mixed.

Stackhouse explains that The Fundamentals are the beliefs of evangelicalism, which is different from fundamentalistic-ism. The people raging against fundamentalism really mean fundamentalistic-ism, not evangelicalism. If they mean the latter then they are anti-Christian.

Keep in mind the irreligious can be fundamentalistic. If you are attacking anyone fundamentalistic then you may want to look in the mirror just to be sure you yourself are not being fundamentalistic.

But fundamentalistic-ism in the context of Christian belief is associated with evangelicalism because people who become evangelicals can go further and go off track and become militant over the wrong concepts. This is because of social movements and culture. It is a subset of evangelicalism and is a deviation from evangelicalism. Those attacking fundamentalistic-ism often conflate the two groups based on some arbitrary factor such as militantism. This is what George Marsden sounds like, at least at first. In 2024 I watched no less than four people blame fundamentalists using George Marsden as their excuse. This is why I started reading Marsden. To find out what he really says. He does a lot of analysis on CULTURE. But he calls himself a fundamentalist. How confusing! Stackhouse helps bring clarity.

Now, if I could just get my militant brother-in-law to just stop being militant about football and baseball I might get to go to heaven.





Facebook Doesnt Like Good Countrys.

Everyone should study why the founders started this country and why it has been a good country. And how law works. Christians get so lazy. In my church nobody understands anything about government. Its all magic to them. Its very frustrating to see the ignorance.

The above has been labeled by facebook as HATE SPEECH. Saying everybody should study why the founders started this country and why it is a good country -thats HATE SPEECH to facebook. Facebook only wants BAD EVIL COUNTRIES.

A Typical Developer Type Discusses 2024 Display Managers.

If you ever wondered why I spent ZERO time and effort playing with Windows EVER any time in my life, this guy explains my world.

Air Traffic Control, for example, uses X11 protocols for display management.

Military systems use linux servers, and you might find X11 in their development labs (which are air-gapped from the outside world, of course).

Gas Turbine Engine systems use this technology.

Cell tower communications developers use all linux as their operating system.

Process control systems (paper mills, chemical processing) use linux as both development and target embedded operating systems.

Missile launch systems (including space shuttle) use large parallel linux based scientific computing clusters.

So this guy is speaking the bread and butter of what is on my desk every day. Display server, display manager, window manager, compositor, etc, is a choice for every node a linux engineer installs.
This guy is a typical example of the kind of people I have always worked with on a daily basis. The way he approaches problems, the way he speaks, his openness to alternative solutions for diverse use cases – all of this is what a typical engineer does daily.

Windows never had any role in any of that world. Windows was a toy sold to its victims of millions of idiot consumers. His talk is fascinating. I personally prefer KDE Plasma and Mate as desktops for PC’s. And I am experimentally switching to Wayland.